A Guide of Selecting a Pet【转自RSPCA】

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Before selecting your pet there are a few things that you must decide：


Do you have the time, space, energy and money for a pet?What type of pet is most suitable for you and your lifestyle?What is the age of the pet that you want to adopt?Before you make a decision about adopting a pet it is also recommended that:

You consult a veterinarian as they can provide expert advice on the physical needs, health and behavioural characteristics of each type of animal.You can also get more guidance and information about owning a pet from public libraries, breeders, animal-control agencies, obedience classes and your local kennel and cat clubs. It is also useful to be aware of these organisations as they may be of assistance to you once you have adopted your pet.Ask your local RSPCA for further advice and information.Before you make the decision to become a pet owner ask yourself the following questions ：

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Is a pet suitable for you?


For many Australians a pet is an important part of the family. Owning a pet can be extremely rewarding and can bring hours of enjoyment, but it is important to remember that pet ownership is also a full time responsibility which takes time, money, patience and life-long commitment. The decision to own a pet is a very serious one and one that needs to be properly considered and researched.


Companion animals rely almost entirely on their human partners to meet their needs and this responsibility should not be taken lightly. Your choice of pet should take into account environmental and family lifestyle issues, financial considerations and time constraints.


When selecting a pet it is very important to consider whether a pet is suitable for you and your lifestyle. Pets are a huge responsibility and making the choice to have one requires serious consideration. The decision to own a pet should involve everyone in your household so that their needs, fears, concerns and medical history are considered. This will also allow you to determine how much time each person will be able to spend with your pet and the amount of responsibility that each person is willing to assume (remember the promises of children may not always be fulfilled). In order to decide whether a pet is suitable for you it is important to consider the following questions:



Are you prepared to love a pet for life?

The average lifespan of a dog and cat is around 12 years, with some dogs and cats living until 15 or more years of age. Your pet will need your love and care 365 days a year. If you travel and are away from home a often is there someone who will be able to properly care for your pet? If not, are you prepared for the cost of boarding? What will happen if you change jobs, move house or decide to expand your family? Pet ownership is a commitment to the welfare of the pet and therefore the needs of your pet must be met if you move interstate, overseas or your living circumstances change.



Do you understand how to care for a pet?


Different animals have different needs and requirements. In most states and territories there are organisations which can advise on the specific needs of your chosen pet. An informed pet owner can provide a healthier and happier environment for their pet and, as a result, will get more enjoyment from the experience of owning a pet.



Can you afford a pet?


There are many costs involved with pet ownership. In addition to food, you must consider, vaccination, micro-chipping, de-sexing, general health care, vet bills, grooming, obedience training, boarding, bedding and proper housing. The costs may vary depending on the type of animal you choose - costs associated with dog ownership can be as much around $500 a year, or much more if your pet requires specialist veterinary care for an ailment or injury. Taking out a pet insurance policy will help with unexpected veterinary costs. Remember that pets can be an expensive addition to the family.



Do you have enough room for a pet?

Some pets, especially active dogs, require a large amount of space and would not get enough exercise within the confines of a house or apartment. Other pets, if provided with enough exercise and environmental enrichment (toys, human interaction, scratching posts etc) may not require as much space. It is therefore necessary to consider whether your home has adequate space for a pet. You will also need to consider whether there is a suitable and secure place in your house or yard to keep your pet when you are not there and whether there is a suitable sheltered location for a kennel or cat run.



What activities do you enjoy?

You need to consider what activities you enjoy and whether you expect your pet to engage in these activities with you. Will your pet have the temperament and physical attributes to participate in these activities? For example, do you enjoy outdoor activities such as hiking and camping or do you enjoy quiet activities in your home? If your activities take you away from home, do you know someone who is willing to care for your pet when you are absent? Read about the needs of different types of animals and the temperaments of specific breeds so that you can identify which animals best suit your lifestyle.



How do you spend your day?


Pets depend on people for daily affection and attention. The age and breed of your pet also determine the amount of time that you need to spend with your pet each day. Do you work long hours? Do you sometimes have to work late? How many hours do you spend away from your house each day? It is important that you consider these questions and make sure that you have enough time each day to spend with your pet and to care for it.



What type of pet is suitable for you?


In order to decide whether a cat or a dog is most suitable for you there are several questions that you will need to ask yourself. Once you have decided whether you would prefer a cat or a dog (or another type of pet) it is then important to spend some time researching the different breeds and cross-breeds to choose a pet with the characteristics that you are looking for which will also match your lifestyle and household.



How much time do you spend at home each day?

Although the amount of time that you need to spend with your pet will depend upon its temperament and age, there are some general guidelines about the amount of time that cats and dogs need daily. A dog is not a suitable pet if all of the members of your household are away from home for more than eight hours a day. Some dogs get bored or anxious when they are left alone and although some of their boredom and anxiety can be alleviated through toys and training they still require a few hours of daily attention and to be exercised. Remember too that walking your dog is important to both allow your dog with an opportunity to investigate and explore as well as for exercise purposes. Cats are generally more independent and may be a more suitable pet if you are going to be out of the house for more than eight hours a day.



Do I want a pet that will participate in outdoor activities?


If you would like your pet to walk, run or play, you would like to train your dog to play fetch with you or to catch a ball with you then a dog may be the type of pet you are looking for. However you will need to do some research as not all dogs like or are suitable for these kind of activities. In addition, if you do want a dog that you can play with in open areas you will need to build a strong relationship with your dog and be committed to obedience training. If you do choose to have a dog as a pet you must remember that it will need daily exercise.



How much room do you have in your home?


Owning a pet will mean some changes to your household and lifestyle. For example, you will need to consider where you will keep your pet. If you are considering getting a cat it is recommended to keep it indoors at night-time so you need to consider whether you have space for a cat bed and litter tray inside. A cat may be more suitable than a dog if you live in an apartment or have a small backyard. Dogs generally require more outdoor space for exercise and, if you want to keep them in a smaller space then you will need to be committed to exercising them more often. It is important to realise that if you are going to have your pet in your home you it will need to be toilet trained. Toilet training may take a while to become effective so you may have to deal with the occasional accident. Some cats and dogs shed hair, which will be left on the carpet and on furniture (and probably clothes). You will also need to consider if you or any members of your household may have an allergy to cats or dogs. If so, short-haired pets or a breed which is suitable for allergy sufferers may be more appropriate.

If you are thinking of getting a dog you should find out if the local council has areas where you can exercise your dog off the leash or places where dogs are not allowed. It will also be necessary to find out if your local council has any restrictions relating to cats such as night-time curfews.



What age pet is suitable for you?


When people think of getting a pet they think of getting a puppy or a kitten. However, older animals often make more suitable pets. Young animals are more dependant and require much more time, energy and training. When you are deciding to get a pet it is necessary that you select a pet that is of an age that best suits you and your lifestyle. Contrary to popular belief, older animals can bond just as well to people that love and care for them as younger animals and they are often just as easy to train. To determine whether an older or a younger pet is most suitable for you it is necessary to consider the following questions.



Do you want a pet that will have certain personality traits?


Some people want their pet to be affectionate and cuddly and others would like their pet to be active and playful. It is important to remember that it is impossible to predict the type of personality that a young animal will have when it grows into an adult. Young puppies and kittens are often playful and energetic but, as they become adults, they will develop individual personalities that reflect both their breeding and their previous experiences. If you would like your pet to have specific personality then an older pet may be best suited to you. By selecting an older cat or dog you will be able to choose an animal that has the type of personality that suits your needs.



Do you have enough time and energy to care for a young animal?

The early stages of a young animal?s life are crucial to its development. Young animals require a large amount of training and care if you want them to develop proper social skills with people and other animals. Puppies and kittens are also highly energetic and can be destructive and, as a result, require a lot of patience. Many modern households are too busy to spend the time that a young animal requires for proper development. A puppy or kitten should not be left alone for more than six hours a day. Although older animals will still require training and attention, they can more easily adjust to your schedule.



Are there children in your home?

Often people think that a puppy or a kitten is the most suitable pet for children. This is not necessarily the case. Puppies and kittens may bite and scratch during play especially if they become over excited. Similarly, children can be quite rough with pets, which affects young animals more because they are smaller and more sensitive. When training your pet it is important that the pet receives consistent and clear messages from all members of the household. Older pets may more suitable for household?s with children because they are less likely to become over excited and you will be able to choose one that will interact well with your children or other pets. It is important to remember that, although looking after a pet provides a wonderful for children to learn about responsibility, the ultimate responsibility for your pet?s care lies with the adults of the household.



Will your new pet be a companion to another pet?

Older pets generally respond better to younger animals and it is easier for them to establish a good relationship. However, a new animal that is too young may be seen by an older pet as a toy or as prey to be hunted. Older pets may also not enjoy the constant harassment and playfulness of a young animal. However, most pets enjoy having companions, so if you are considering getting a pet it is worthwhile to consider adopting two. If you do want to adopt two pets, or are thinking of adopting a new pet to keep another pet company it is important to ensure that they both get along with each other. Introduce them on neutral territory and be kind, patient and understanding until they adjust to each other.



What size pet do you want?


Although the general size of an animal can be roughly determined by its breeding, many people who get young animals as pets do not think about the size that these animals will be as adults. It is almost impossible to tell what size a cat or dog that is less than six months old will be as an adult. Unfortunately, RSPCA shelters receive many animals that were purchased as babies but grew much larger than their owners expected. If you would like your pet to have specific physical traits such as a small size or a particular colouring it may be best to choose an older pet. By the time cats and dogs reach six months of age it is usually possible to tell what type of traits that they will have as adults.




Do you want an active pet?


Dogs that are between six months and one year old are highly energetic and playful and enjoy a lot of outdoor activity. Puppies that are younger than six months, although they are playful, also need a lot of sleep and they cannot be expected to be active for long periods of time. Depending on the breed, many older dogs will also enjoy a lot of activity and play.

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